Abstract :
把B.polis的根或莖乾燥或不乾燥直接使用,被當作茶葉來沖泡或當作藥草來使用。在1970年代,FAO開始努力推廣種植B.polis,原因在於容易種植、安全又可食用,全株的B.polis從種子到根部,經常被當作民間藥草在使用著,人們經常把它們風乾並磨成粉、或直接熬煮直到有汁液,或以浸漬的方式製成酊劑,用來內服或外用。
B.polis不論是全株或者是各別部位,已經應證能有效治療超過40種疾病,例如:抗發炎、免疫系統疾病、消化疾病、細菌感染、代謝疾病、傷口及抗癌等等。B.polis在傳統配方裡,可以單獨使用或是合併其他藥草一起用,像有Aloe vera、Plectranthus mollis、Valeriana officinalis 或Cissus sicyoides,合併的藥草通常也都具有抗發炎的作用。
Phytochemicals :
有關於B.polis成分或療效的相關文獻有多達116件,201種化合物被發現,包含70 aliphatics、 60 flavonoids、 25 terpenoids、19 phenylpropanoids、13 aromatics、8 porphyrins等,然而至今,B.polis的成分和有生物活性的資料還沒被完全地建立好,B.polis仍含有各種類型,有生物活性的化學異構物要被了解。
Pharmacological Properties :
B.polis的萃取液在試管或動物實驗上,對於對抗發炎、糖尿病、發炎、潰瘍、細菌和黴菌感染,都發現具有療效。但主要治療目標疾病需要被定義清楚,在藥局工作上,B.polis主要被歸類在控制血糖的健康食品,所以本篇的心得會著重在抗發炎反應跟糖尿病上。
Antiinflammatory Activity :
B.polis和許多其他藥草一樣,主要能抗發炎的成分為數種類黃酮,例如:Centaureidin、Centaurein、Luteolin,COX-2在人類體內造成一系列的發炎反應,同時也是對於檢測抗炎反應很好的標的物,它容易被多種的體內或外界的物質所誘導,B.polis萃取液能夠活化p-38和JNK來壓制ERK1/2的表現,也同時抑制COX-2的反應和PEG2的產生,他們之間的關係是,當cytokin(IL-beta)促使發炎物質COX-2和PEG2時,會再進一步活化mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs),而P-38本身也會伴隨著產生來抑制發炎反應,B.polis萃取液就是作用在活化p-38來抑制發炎反應。
還有其他抗炎的成分Phenolics和polyynes,也是B.polis很重要的抗發炎物質,luteolin(木樨草素)就屬於一種Phenolics,它能夠抑制肥大細胞、TNF-alpha、IL-6。
Antidiabetes:
B.polis長久以來,一直都用在對抗糖尿病的藥草植物,這個試驗是評估飯後血糖、飯後血清中的insulin和HBa1c,此外,若和目前的糖尿病用藥一起並用,更能有穩定血糖的協同效果。
14位志願者已被確診罹患糖尿病,飯前血糖平均都高於126mg/dl,進食2小時後血糖更上升至200mg/dl,受試前後的數值都有鑑測,包括TC、LDL、HDL、AST、BUN等等。
劑量:400mg/daily,受試時間:3個月
結果:
Our group and others previously demonstrated that B. pilosa exerted antidiabetic activity in mouse models, so in this study we verified this effect in humans. First, we evaluated the beneficial effect of the B. pilosaformulation on subjects with type 2 diabetes. We found that those who only took the B. pilosa formulation had fasting blood glucose levels of 201.7 ± 83.3 and 123.3 ± 18.6, respectively, before and after treatment with the B. pilosa formulation. Similarly, the diabetics had HbA1c levels of 9.1 ± 1.7 and 7.2 ± 0.7, respectively, before and after the treatment with the B. pilosa formulation . The HOMA-IR and HOMA-β are commonly used to assess insulin resistance and β-cell function, respectively. Treatment with the B. pilosa formulation significantly increased β-cell function of the participants as shown by the HOMA-β values. In contrast, the treatment did not affect their insulin resistance, as shown by the HOMA-IR values . Accordingly, the B. pilosa formulation boosted serum insulin level in healthy persons . Besides, we tested the combination effect of the B. pilosa formulation. We found that those who only took antidiabetic drugs and the B. pilosa formulation had fasting blood glucose levels of 220 ± 70.9 and 150 ± 51.3, respectively, before and after the combination treatment . However, the combination use of the B. pilosa formulation seemed better than its single use based on the data on the decreased ratio of fasting blood glucose and Hba1c
Referrence:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4381681/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3712223/